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Hybrid car LUCAS CHLORIDE (February 1983, GB)
In 1847 in the streets of Dover that Moser Farmer said electric drive vehicles on the road carrying two people on board.
Since the research continued for a development of this mode of transport and energy. But alas, even now, no one comes very slowly, blocked the development and capacity in amp-hours and dimensional batteries and their heavy weight.
Then at the last show in Birmingham was made the electric car hybrid experimental Lucas Chloride.
Lucas industry, the basis of this project has received financial support from the Service Industries in the United Kingdom and under the responsibility of Lucas Chloride EV Systems Ltd., a joint venture founded by Lucas Industries and the Chloride group to study and market systems traction for electric vehicles, high performance, in collaboration with Ogle Design to conduct studies of bodywork.
Why hybrid because it uses a part of a full electric propulsion and other systems of movement electric thermal reconditioning. The internal combustion engine brand Reliant is a four-cylinder 848 cm3 water cooled with a power of 30 kW at 5500 rpm resulting in a three-phase alternator Lucas 25 kilowatts of light through a toothed belt . Electromagnetic clutches placed between the source drive allow the internal combustion engine of the car to be mechanically coupled to the electric motor and being disconnected from the alternator.
The main pull of this electric vehicle is composed of a group Lucas DC and separate excitation of 216 volts and 50 kilowatts to control the armature thyristor of the inductors and transistors placed in front of vehicle, coupled in series with the internal combustion engine connected to the rear wheels through trees and over. This engine is attached to a spacer integral part of the generator.
The reservoir of electrical energy is composed of 18 Battery 12 Volts 100 Ah lead acid specially designed by Lucas, which are placed in a steel tray coated plastic under the floor to the lowest possible center of gravity. The entire operation is controlled by electronic systems, one controlling the traction motor and fixed on it, the other placed in the engine control the speed of the engine generator taking into account the state of battery charging, operating conditions and performance level requested by the driver.
An auxiliary equipment it is attached to the various easements as a charger built beneath the floor in the luggage to mains of at least 13 amps to recharge during non-use or overnight. It is also possible to connect a charger rapidly outside the vehicle. To ensure the functioning of electrical equipment normal for this car, an auxiliary battery 12 volt 50 Ah is attached and supported on the main battery through an electronic converter and continuous Lucas is independent of the internal combustion engine.
This vehicle has a chassis specially designed by Reliant to receive all the batteries and the body, other items such as suspension, steering Left of conventional design.
For cons, the braking system is unique because it recharges the batteries when decelerating, and that it slows but remains a conventional hydraulic assisted with front discs and rear drums. The assistance of the hydraulic braking system is ensured by an electric vacuum pump.
The body is molded plastic reinforced with fiberglass interior panels molded reinforced steel. This spacious model five-door hatchback is very aerodynamic line because it is the result of studies of body by Ogle Design Company and numerous wind tunnel tests.
As for driving this car, it is very simple because it has no clutch lever or gear shift but simply switches to the forward or backward. By cons, various types of conduct can be used either:
- All electrical paths daily
- Electric traction with use of internal combustion engine in generator for greater autonomy,
- With the gasoline engine only acts directly on the wheel for prolonged cruising speeds,
- Or else the engine over electric traction to get the maximum power or recharge the batteries. In ongoing projects, it is planned to adapt systems to choose the type of conduct is most appropriate for a given condition of use with maximum efficiency and economy without the driver having to intervene.
We must recognize that such a set of mechanical electrical, electronics and various systems is relatively complex and expensive for performance comparatively unattractive. Of course, this car is capable of reaching 120 km / h in electric traction, l13 km / h with the internal combustion engine theory and 137 km / h in combination with the gasoline engine but its autonomy in electric traction is that 64 km in urban traffic should not forget that this experimental vehicle shows a total weight of 2 240 kg curb, which is very high, it is noted that its use combinations allow him greater flexibility to carrying out long term with this hybrid solution.
If we made the connection between vehicles and the electric current electric car batteries Fulmen built by Jenatzy, "The never satisfied", which for the first time ler May 1899 exceeded 100 mph and covered the kilometer 34 s an average of 105.88 km / h on the central road of the park agricultural Achères, they have changed little. They have not made great progress because of little change batteries in their storage capacities of current and their enormous weight while existing technologies contribute significantly to their development.
Until the breakthrough of batteries, hybrid vehicles that appear to be a good solution despite their potential benefits can only hope will soon dethrone the current vehicles to liquid or gaseous fuel but to bring concrete results of tests to promote research a result, perhaps distant future automotive electric traction.
1 Electric Motor - 2 Case control the electric motor - 3 Internal combustion engine
4 Traction batteries - 5 board charger - 6 Clutches - 7 Alternator
Hybrid Control 8 - 9 Fuel Tank - 10 Relay Transmission - 11 Shafting
Main features of the prototype Lucas Chloride
Direct transmission, 5.38 ratio: 1, rear hypoid gears.
Independent front suspension with double wishbone and coil springs.
Rigid rear axle, leaf springs and Panhard rod,
Rack and pinion steering.
Regenerative braking electric assisted dual circuit brakes front discs and rear drums.
14-inch steel wheels with radial tires 195 XC (PR6).
Overall width 1 730 mm, overall length 4 367 mm, Overall height 1 580 mm 2 540 mm wheelbase, track 1448 mm, Ground Clearance 165 mm.
Total weight curb 2 240 kg.
